| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Stephen Devereux ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Stephen Devereux
Stephen Devereux (c. 1191 – 1228) was a powerful Marcher Lord, and held Lyonshall Castle controlling an important approach to the border of Wales. As a key member of William Marshall, 1st Earl of Pembroke retinue, he played a significant role in the Earl's support of King John during the First Barons' War, and during the minority of Henry III.
== Birth and Ancestry ==
Stephen Devereux was descended〔Morgan G. Watkins. ''Collections Towards the History and Antiquities of the County of Hereford in continuation of Duncumb’s History, Hundred of Radlow.'' (High Town (): Jakeman & Carver, 1902). Page 42 to 49. Parish of Castle Frome, Genealogy contributed by Lord Hereford〕〔The descent from William Devereux of Domesday was as follows: William Devereux (died after 1110), Walter Devereux (died circa 1130), Walter Devereux (died about 1166), John Devereux (died 1187), and Walter Devereux (died 1197).〕 from William Devereux, a Domesday Landholder in Gloucester and Hereford under Tenant-in-chief Roger de Lacy. The Devereux were a prominent knightly family on the Welsh marches with their power centered on Lyonshall Castle. Their coat of arms was: "Argent, fess and three roundels in chief gules."〔Thomas Daniel Tremlett (editor), Hugh Stanford London (editor), and Sir Anthony Wagner. ''Rolls of Arms, Henry III; The Matthew Paris Shield c. 1244-59; Glover's Roll, c. 1253-8 and Walford's Roll, c. 1273; Additions and Corrections to a Catalogue of English Mediaeval Rolls of Arms.'' (Oxford: The University Press for the Harleian Society, 1967). page 123〕
Stephen Devereux was born about 1191, the eldest of three sons of Walter Devereux〔Evelyn Philip Shirley. Stemmata Shirleiana. (Westminster: Nichols and Sons, 1873). page 103〕 and Cecilia de Longchamp. Cecilia was the daughter of Sir Hugh de Longchamp〔 and sister to William de Longchamp, Lord Chancellor of England. His father, Walter, died in 1197, and as a member of the retinue of William de Braose this probably occurred in France during May of 1197 at the assault on the castle at Milly-sur-Thérain.〔Thomas Asbridge. The Greatest Knight. (New York: Harper Collins, 2014). Page 249〕 Braose was with Richard I as he campaigned to regain his territories lost while Richard was held captive by Leopold of Austria. Walter Devereux’s lands passed into the King's hands and were placed in the custody of the sheriff of Hereford, William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber. His sons were placed in the retinue of local lords for training as knights: Stephen Devereux with William Marshal, earl of Pembroke; Nicholas Devereux with Walter de Lacy, Lord of Meath;〔The Deputy Keeper of Records. "Liber Feodorum. The Book of Fees Commonly Called Testa de Nevill, Reformed From the Earliest Mss; Part 1, AD 1198 - 1242." (London: Published by his Majesty's Stationery Office, 1920). Pages 631-2〕〔W. Holden Brook. "Lords of the Central Marches: English Aristocracy and Frontier Society, 1087-1265." (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008). Pages 101, 113〕〔(), Calendar of Patent Rolls, Volume 5, page 53. 1340, November 14, Reading, membrane 24 & 25〕〔Nicholas Devereux would eventually become the Steward of Meath for Walter de Lacy, and inherit the Devereux manors of Cheynestone (Hereford) and East Leach (Gloucester).〕 and John Devereux with William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber.〔Gabriel O'C Redmond. "An Account of the Anglo-Norman Family of Devereux, of Balmagir, County Wexford." (Dublin: Office of "The Irish Builder," 1891). Pages 5〕〔John Devereux would be granted the Decies (county Waterford). When William de Broase eventually fell out of favor with King John in 2010, John Devereux became part of the retinue of William Marshall with his brother, Stephen.〕 Stephen’s mother, Cecilia, launched into a series of legal fights to preserve her dower rights and the Devereux properties.〔Two examples: Curia Regis Roll: Michaelmas Term, 9 John 1207. Cicely Devereux was fined 3 marks for mercy in the suit over Putley. The matter was eventually settled when the canons produced the charter that William Devereux had conferred on them, and demonstrated they had possessed the right of patronage for the previous 60 years. An arrangement was made where Cecilia released her own claims and the future rights of her heirs and assigns in the contested portion of the advowson, for which concession she was paid eight marks of silver with the privilege of having her obit celebrated in the Cathedral at the annual thanksgiving to benefactors. Curia Regis Roll: Michaelmas Term, 13 John, 1211, Membrane 6, Page 144. Gloucester— Cecilia Devereux seeks against William de Lechlade six and a half hides of land and 6 acres of land with the appurtenances in Lech (Leach) as her right and inheritance. And so William Devereux, the grandfather of the aforesaid Cicely, was seised in the time of King Henry the Lord's father, etc. And William comes and defends his right to hold in the Lord's name, and he puts forward his great assize of the Lord King and seeks to have his seisin recognized, as is aforesaid, whether he should have the greater right of holding than Cicely the land of William Devereux, her grandfather and by whom she herself stakes her claim of the land, he (William Devereux) gave his mother, Orenge. Cicely received a marriage-portion to hold of him if she held this in the Lord's name. Day is given them on the octave of St. Martin, and then come the fourth. etc.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Stephen Devereux」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|